MT1

Melanotan I

A 13-amino-acid linear analogue of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone with two substitutions: norleucine at position 4 and D-phenylalanine at position 7. Both changes resist enzymatic cleavage. It is an agonist at melanocortin receptors, principally MC1R. Under the name afamelanotide it is the only compound in this category with an approved product.

Melanotan I has 23 registered human studies on ClinicalTrials.gov, reaching phase 3, covering 999 planned or enrolled participants across the 22 studies that published a figure. An FDA-approved product contains Melanotan ISCENESSE (NDA210797). 78 papers naming it were published in the last ten years.

Collected 2026-08-02 from ClinicalTrials.gov and Drugs@FDA. Counts include only trials whose registered intervention names Melanotan I; the registry search is fuzzy, so every match is re-checked. None of this says whether Melanotan I works or is safe.

FDA status

Approved

Human studies

23

Furthest phase

Phase 3

Papers, 10 yr

78

Readership

1,781

monthly average, Feb–Jul 2026

Tracking since 2026-07-29 · About this data

What has actually been tested in humans

A

An approved product exists

23

Registered human studies

Phase 3

Furthest phase reached

999

Planned or enrolled participants, across 22 studies that published a figure

Approved

FDA-approved product — SCENESSE

Registered means registered — not that the study finished, and not that it found anything. The grade is mechanical: it is computed from the registry and the FDA record alone, and it grades how much is known, never whether a compound is good or safe. Collected 2026-08-02 from ClinicalTrials.gov and Drugs@FDA. Check the query.

What Melanotan I is, and what it has been studied for

Melanotan I is classified by ChEMBL as a protein, and appears in trial registrations under CUV-1647 and CUV1647. Its FDA substance identifier is QW68W3J66U.

Across 23 registered trials, it has been studied in Erythropoietic Protoporphyria, Vitiligo, Xeroderma Pigmentosum and Afamelanotide Evaluated as Skin DNA Repair Therapy in Healthy Volunteers. A condition here is what a sponsor registered the trial under — it records what was investigated, not what was shown.

The trials were run by Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited and Clinuvel Europe Limited among others. A named commercial sponsor means a compound is in formal development; its absence does not mean the opposite, only that no company has registered a trial under its own name.

How far it got

Melanotan I reached Phase 3 across 23 registered trials.Phase 1First given to peoplePhase 2Looking for an effectPhase 3Tested at scalePhase 4Studied after approval

Melanotan I reached Phase 3 across 23 registered trials.

An FDA-approved product contains Melanotan I. Approval covers a specific product for a specific use — it is not a verdict on the molecule.

Is anyone studying Melanotan I?

Papers published each year that name Melanotan I in the title or abstract, with the clinical trials that started in the same year marked beneath. Ten calendar years.

0510152017181920212223242526trials
Vertical axis: papers published that year. Bar for 2026 is hatched because that year is still running.
Publications and trials naming Melanotan I, by year
YearPublicationsTrials startedComplete year
201770Yes
201820Yes
201940Yes
202090Yes
202192Yes
202253Yes
2023162Yes
2024131Yes
2025120Yes
202680No

78 papers and 8 registered trials between 2017 and 2026. A paper counts when “afamelanotide” appears in its title or abstract — phrase-matched, so a paper mentioning the words separately is not counted. The total is a single query over the whole window, which is why it does not equal the bars added together: PubMed files a paper under both its electronic and its print publication date, so one paper can appear in two years. Publication volume measures scientific attention, not whether a compound works: a well-studied compound can be well-studied and ineffective. Sources: PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov · collected 2026-08-02.

Published research on Melanotan I

78 indexed papers name Melanotan I in their title or abstract. These are the 7 PubMed ranks most relevant. Listing a paper is not a judgement about it, and none of these is summarised here — follow the link and read what it says.

  1. Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and New and Emerging Treatments

    Perez-Bootello J, Cova-Martin R, Naharro-Rodriguez J, et al.International journal of molecular sciences2023

    PMID 3813913410.3390/ijms242417306

  2. Afamelanotide

    2012

    PMID 38598652

  3. Vitiligo, from Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Advances: State of the Art

    Diotallevi F, Gioacchini H, De Simoni E, et al.International journal of molecular sciences2023

    PMID 3690234110.3390/ijms24054910

  4. From pathogenesis of acne vulgaris to anti-acne agents

    Cong TX, Hao D, Wen X, et al.Archives of dermatological research2019

    PMID 3085930810.1007/s00403-019-01908-x

  5. Treatment Advances in Vitiligo: An Updated Review

    Ismail IB, Bhat YJ, Ul Islam MSDermatology practical & conceptual2025

    PMID 4011761610.5826/dpc.1501a4600

  6. Afamelanotide in protoporphyria and other skin diseases: a review

    Polańska A, Wegner J, Nutbohm P, et al.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii2024

    PMID 3878493710.5114/ada.2024.138818

  7. Afamelanotide for prevention of phototoxicity in erythropoietic protoporphyria

    Wensink D, Wagenmakers MAEM, Langendonk JGExpert review of clinical pharmacology2021

    PMID 3350711810.1080/17512433.2021.1879638

Collected 2026-08-02from PubMed, phrase-matched on “afamelanotide” in title and abstract. Run the same search.

About Melanotan I

A 13-amino-acid linear analogue of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone with two substitutions: norleucine at position 4 and D-phenylalanine at position 7. Both changes resist enzymatic cleavage. It is an agonist at melanocortin receptors, principally MC1R. Under the name afamelanotide it is the only compound in this category with an approved product.

Also known as
Afamelanotide · NDP-MSH · NDP-alpha-MSH · CUV1647

Structure and mechanism only. Nothing above describes what this compound is for, and no dose appears anywhere on this page.

Reading on this compound

All articles

PepRack articles that reference this compound. This is not a news feed — we syndicate nothing and publish no datelines.

Vendor listings are not affiliate links and PepRack earns nothing from them. A listing records a price we observed on a date. It is not a recommendation of a product, dose, or treatment, and PepRack does not verify what any vendor ships.